Anatomy of the Heart
The heart is one of the most vital organs in the human body, playing a central role in maintaining life by pumping blood throughout the circulatory system. Its anatomy and function are intricately designed to ensure efficient distribution of oxygen, nutrients, and waste removal. This article provides an in-depth exploration of the heart's structure, components, and physiological role in maintaining homeostasis. Anatomy of the Heart The heart is a muscular organ located in the thoracic cavity, slightly to the left of the midline, and encased within a protective sac called the pericardium. It is roughly the size of a closed fist and weighs about 250-350 grams in adults. The heart is divided into four chambers: two atria (upper chambers) and two ventricles (lower chambers). These chambers work in a coordinated manner to pump blood effectively. Layers of the Heart Wall Epicardium: The outermost layer, consisting of connective tissue and fat, which provides protection and houses coronar...